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The bottlenose dolphin is a heterogenous
species found throughout temperate and tropical waters. In past years,
aerial surveys, photo-identification studies, and, more recently, genetic
studies have begun to divide this worldwide species into population stocks.
In 1998, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) reported to the Marine
Mammal Commission that there appears to be at least four discrete population
stocks of bottlenose dolphin in the U.S. Atlantic waters: a nearshore
migratory population that migrates seasonally between North Carolina and
northern Florida; year-round resident populations in coastal embayments; an
offshore population inhabiting deep water; and an intermixing resident and
migratory population that overlap seasonally. It has been shown through a
variety of photo-identification studies that populations of bottlenose
dolphin inhabit the various embayments along the coast of Florida. Knowledge
of population stock structure is critical to developing management plans and
understanding how stressors impact individual populations.
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